六年级下学期英语常用词汇

时间:2024-09-24 11:40:28
六年级下学期英语常用词汇

六年级下学期英语常用词汇

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  一、名词复数规则

  1. 一般情况下,直接加-s,

  如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds

  2. 以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,

  如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches

  3. 以“辅音字母 y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,

  如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries

  4. 以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,

  如:knife-knives Leaf——leaves

  5.不规则名词复数:

  man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen,

  child-children

  foot-feet,.tooth-teeth

  fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese

  补充:photos 因为photo是photograph的简写。 复数是photographs,简写是photos。 photo 不同于以o 结尾的词,不能套用o 结尾的词的复数变化方法

  名词的复数形式通常是在单数名词后加s:

  day,days天,白天

  dog,dogs狗

  house,houses房屋论坛

  在词尾p,k或f音之后加的s读为/s/。除此之外s读/z/。词尾是ce,ge,se或ze的词之后加s时,该词的读音要加上一个音节(/Iz/)。

  其他复数形式

  1、以字母o,ch,sh,ss或x结尾的单词,在词尾加es构成其复数:tomato,tomatoes西红柿 brush, brushes刷子

  church,churches教堂

  kiss,kisses吻

  box,boxes箱,盒

  但以字母o结尾的外来词或缩写词的复数形式是只加s:dynamo,dynamos发电机

  kilo,kilos公斤

  kimono,kimonos和服

  photo,photos照片

  piano,pianos钢琴

  soprano,sopranos女高音歌手

  词尾是ch,sh,ss或x的词后面加es时,该词的读音要加上一个音节(/Iz/)。

  2、 以y结尾但y前为辅音的名词在构成复数时,先把y去掉再加ies:

  1

  baby,babies婴儿

  country,countries国家

  fly,flies苍蝇

  lady,ladies女士

  以y结尾但y前为元音的名词在构成复数时,直接加s:boy,boys男孩

  day,days天

  donkey,donkeys驴子

  guy,guys家伙

  3、 有12个以f或fe结尾的名词在构成复数时,去掉f或fe加ves。这些词是:

  calf小牛

  half半

  knife刀

  leaf叶子

  life生命

  self自身

  thief贼

  wife妻子

  wolf狼

  例如:

  loaf,loaves

  wife,wives

  wolf,wolves

  4、 有些名词用改变无音的方法来构成其复数形式:

  foot,feet,英尺,脚

  man,men男人

  mouse, mice老鼠

  tooth,teeth牙齿

  woman,women女人

  但是,child的复数是children

  5、 名词fish通常没有复数形式,虽然有fishes这一形式,但不常用。

  deer(鹿)和sheep(羊)没有复数形式:

  6、集合名词如crew,family,team等用单数或复数动词都可以;如果认为这个词表示的是一个群体或单位,可用单数动词:

  Our team is the best.

  我们这个队是最好的。

  如果认为它表示的是这个队的所有成员,就用复数动词:

  Our team are wearing their new jerseys.

  我们这个队的队员们都穿着新运动衫。

  写出下列各词的`复数

  I ( we ) him ( them ) this ( these ) her ( their )

  watch ( watches ) child ( children ) photo (photographs / photos ) diary (diaries )

  day ( days ) foot ( feet ) book ( books ) dress ()

  tooth ( teeth ) sheep ( sheep )

  man ( men ) woman ( women )

  2

  二、一般现在时

  一般现在时基本用法介绍

  【No. 1】一般现在时的功能

  1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。

  2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day.我天天六点起床。

  3.表示客观现实。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。

  一般现在时的构成

  1. be动词:主语 be(am,is,are) 其它。如:

  I am a boy.我是一个男孩。

  2.行为动词:主语 行为动词( 其它)。如:

  We study English.我们学习英语。

  当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时,要在动词后加

  【No. 2】一般现在时的变化

  1. be动词的变化。

  否定句:主语 be not 其它。

  如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。

  一般疑问句:Be 主语 其它。

  如:-Are you a student?

  -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.

  非凡疑问句:疑问词 一般疑问句。如:Where is my bike?

  2.行为动词的变化。

  否定句:主语 don't( doesn't ) 动词原形( 其它)。如:

  I don't like bread.

  当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否定句。如:

  He doesn't often play.

  一般疑问句:Do( Does ) 主语 动词原形 其它。如:

  - Do you often play football?

  - Yes, I do. / No, I don't.

  当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。如:

  - Does she go to work by bike?

  - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.

  动词 s的变化规则

  1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks

  2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes

  3.以“辅音字母 y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies

  一般现在时用法专练:

  一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数

  drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________

  look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____

  come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________

  study_______ brush________ do_________ teach_______

  wash_______

  3

  二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。

  1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.

  2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.

  3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.

  4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.

  5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?

  6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?

  7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?

  8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.

  9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.

  10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.

  11. Mike _______(like) cooking.

  12. They _______(have) the same hobby.

  13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.

  14. You always _______(do) your homework well.

  15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.

  16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.

  17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.

  18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.

  19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term.

  20. -What day _______(be) it today?

  - It’s Saturday

  三、现在进行时

  1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。

  2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be 动词ing.

  3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。

  4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。

  5.动词加ing的变化规则

  1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking

  2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting

  3.假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:run-running, stop-stopping

  现在进行时专项练习:

  一、写出下列动词的现在分词:

  play________ run__________ swim _________make__________

  go_________ like________ write________ _ski___________

  read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________

  put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________

  live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________

  stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________

  二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:

  1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.

  2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .

  4

  3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.

  4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?

  5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .

  6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.

  7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .

  8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music.

  9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now

  10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .

  四、将来时理论及练习

  一、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或预备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year„),soon, the day after tomorrow(后天)等。

  二、基本结构:①be going to do; ②will do.

  三、否定句:在be动词(am, is, are)l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。 例如:I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.

  四、同义句:be going to = will

  I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow. 练习:

  填空。

  1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。

  I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.

  I ________ have a picnic with my friends.

  2.我们将要学习英语

  We _____ _______ _________ learn English.

  We ________ learn English.

  五、一般过去时

  1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。

  2.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:

  ⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasn’t)

  ⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=weren’t)

  3.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子

  否定句:didn’t 动词原形,如:Jim didn’t go home yesterday.

  动词过去式变化规则:

  1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:work__-worked , cook-cooked

  2.结尾是e加d,如:live____lived

  3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped

  4.以“辅音字母 y”结尾的,变y为i, 再加-ed,如:study-studied

  5.不规则动词过去式:

  5

  am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, swim-swam, sit-sat

  过去时练习

  写出下列动词的过去式

  is\am_________ plant________ are ________

  drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________

  does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____

  taste_________ eat__________ put ______

  kick_________ pass_______ do ________

  Be动词的过去时练习(1)

  Name ____________ No. ______ Date __________

  一、 用be动词的适当形式填空

  1. I _______ at school just now.

  2. He ________ at the camp last week.

  3. We ________ students two years ago.

  4. They ________ on the farm a moment ago.

  5. Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year.

  6. There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday.

  7. There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.

  8. The mobile phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening.

  一、用be动词的适当形式填空

  1. I ______ an English teacher now.

  2. She _______ happy yesterday.

  3. They _______ glad to see each other last month.

  行为动词的过去时练习(2)

  Name ____________ No. ______ Date __________

  一、用be动词的适当形式填空

  1. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.

  2. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night.

  3. We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go)

  4. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?

  5. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______.

  6. Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.

  7. I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______.

  8. What ______ she _______ (find) in the garden last morning? She __________ (find) a beautiful butterfly.

  六、人称代词和物主代词

  主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性

  I me my mine

  you you youryours

  he him his his

  she her her hers

  itit its its

  6

  we us our ours

  they them theirtheirs

  习题

  一.用所给词的适当形式填空

  1. That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I )

  2. The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she )

  3. Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________ . ( I )

  4. _________ is my brother. _________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _________. ( he )

  二、用am, is, are 填空

  1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.

  2. The girl______ Jack's sister.

  3. The dog _______ tall and fat.

  4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.

  5. ______ your brother in the classroom?

  6. Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home.

  7. How _______ your father?

  8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.

  9. Whose dress ______ this?

  10. Whose socks ______ they?

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